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NEW QUESTION # 171
The most common type of tissue found in the body is:
- A. Connective
- B. Epithelial
- C. Nerve
- D. Muscle
Answer: A
Explanation:
Connective tissue is the most common type of tissue found in the body. Connective tissues protect and support the body's organs and other tissues. Blood, bone, cartilage, and fat are all connective tissues. Muscle tissue is essential for movement. Epithelial tissue protects the internal and external structures of the body. Nerve tissue consists of cells that send and receive information.
NEW QUESTION # 172
A sample being designated as QNS means that:
- A. The quality is not standardized.
- B. The quantity is not sufficient.
- C. The quality is nonsterile.
- D. The quantity is not standardized.
Answer: B
Explanation:
If a sample is designated as QNS, the quantity is not sufficient for the test that has been ordered. In this case, the sample is rejected and another sample must be obtained. QNS is a common reason for rejecting chemistry specimens. The phlebotomist should review requirements for tests to ensure that the volume of the specimen is adequate. Reasons for QNS may include using expired tubes (resulting in decreased vacuum) and not ensuring complete filling of the tube before changing tubes. QNS may also occur if a patient has difficult-to-access veins.
NEW QUESTION # 173
Which of the following steps can help prevent the development of a hematoma?
- A. Remove the needle before removing the tourniquet.
- B. Maintain the position of the needle throughout the specimen collection.
- C. Bandage the puncture site immediately after needle removal.
- D. Remove the needle before removing the tube from the holder.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Steps that can help prevent the development of a hematoma include:
*Maintaining the position of the needle throughout the specimen collection
*Removing the tourniquet before removing the needle
*Removing the tube from the holder before removing the needle
*Examining the puncture site to ensure it is properly sealed prior to applying a bandage If bruising, swelling, or other signs of a hematoma are evident during collection, the needle must be removed immediately and pressure must be applied to the site.
NEW QUESTION # 174
A butterfly infusion set is used for venipuncture in all of the following types of patients EXCEPT:
- A. Infants
- B. Obese patients
- C. Elderly patients
- D. Adults with small veins
Answer: B
Explanation:
A butterfly infusion set is used for venipuncture in patients with small, fragile veins, such as the elderly, infants and small children, and adults with small antecubital veins. A butterfly set is not routinely used in obese patients.
NEW QUESTION # 175
When opening and aliquoting a specimen, the required PPE includes:
- A. Gown, gloves, N95 respirator, and face shield
- B. Gown, gloves, and face shield
- C. Gloves
- D. Gown and gloves
Answer: B
Explanation:
When opening and aliquoting a specimen, the required PPE includes gown, gloves, and face shield. Otherwise, the opening must occur behind a portable splash screen that is placed between the specimen and the person's body. The sample should be removed from the tube with a disposable pipette and placed into the aliquot tube. Pouring the specimen from the specimen tube into the aliquot tube must be avoided because this may result in aerosolization.
NEW QUESTION # 176
Which of the following is on the "List of Error-Prone Abbreviations, Symbols, and Dose Designations" published by ISMP.
- A. Plus-or-minus sign (±)
- B. Equals sign (=)
- C. Minus sign (-)
- D. Less than sign (<)
Answer: D
Explanation:
The symbols for less than (<) and greater than can be confused for the letter L and the number 7, respectively, especially when hand-written. The Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) put these symbols on their "List of Error-Prone Abbreviations, Symbols, and Dose Designations" and recommends using "less than" or "greater than" instead.
NEW QUESTION # 177
Abnormal bone development caused by a lack of vitamin D in the diet is known as:
- A. Arthritis
- B. Osteomyelitis
- C. Rickets
- D. Osteochondritis
Answer: C
Explanation:
Rickets usually occurs in children and is marked by abnormal or "soft" bones. It is caused by a lack of vitamin D in the diet. Arthritis is an inflammatory condition of the joints, osteochondritis is an inflammation of the bone and cartilage, and osteomyelitis is inflammation of the bone or bone marrow caused by bacterial infection.
NEW QUESTION # 178
If the laboratory institutes policy and procedural changes, the phlebotomist should:
- A. Expect to receive a salary increase.
- B. Expect to be consulted.
- C. Expect to receive appropriate training.
- D. Expect to evaluate the procedures.
Answer: C
Explanation:
If the laboratory institutes policy and procedural changes, the phlebotomist should expect to receive appropriate training. If training is not already planned, the phlebotomist should ask for training explaining the reasons why the training is needed. Approaches to training may vary widely, depending on the type and extent of changes being instituted. Without training, new policies and procedures are often adopted piecemeal and without consistency, increasing risks to staff and patients as well as liability risks.
NEW QUESTION # 179
Sputum specimens should ideally be obtained:
- A. At any time of day
- B. In the evening just before bed
- C. First thing in the morning upon arising
- D. After 4 hours of fasting
Answer: C
Explanation:
Sputum specimens should ideally be obtained first thing in the morning upon arising because patients tend to cough up secretions that have pooled during the night, so it is easier to get a large volume of sputum. Sputum should be obtained at least 1 hour after eating so it is not contaminated with food particles or vomitus. Before obtaining the specimen, the patient should be asked to remove dentures and to thoroughly rinse the mouth with water and gargle to reduce contaminants.
NEW QUESTION # 180
Which of the following panels of tests may provide the best information about a patient with suspected liver dysfunction?
- A. BMP
- B. Electrolyte panel
- C. Lipid profile
- D. CMP
Answer: D
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 181
The hydrogen breath test is most often used to test for:
- A. Lactose intolerance
- B. Small-intestine bacterial overgrowth
- C. H. pylori infection
- D. Irritable bowel syndrome
Answer: A
Explanation:
The hydrogen breath test is most often used to test for lactose intolerance. Typically, exhaled breath contains very little hydrogen. However, if there is a problem with the digestion of lactose or other carbohydrates (such as fructose), bacteria in the colon ferment the carbohydrates, and this produces hydrogen. The hydrogen is absorbed into the systemic circulation and sent to the lungs, then it is exhaled. Higher than normal levels of hydrogen suggest a problem with carbohydrate metabolism.
NEW QUESTION # 182
If the antecubital veins cannot be used for specimen collection, the next site to consider is the:
- A. Palmar surface of the hand
- B. Dorsal surface of the foot
- C. Lateral wrist, thumb side
- D. Dorsal surface of the hand
Answer: D
Explanation:
If the antecubital veins cannot be used for specimen collection, the next site to consider is the dorsal (top) surface of the hand. The veins on the lateral wrist above the thumb lie near the radial nerve, so this site should be avoided. The palmar surface of the hand poses increased risk of nerve and tendon involvement. The veins in the foot should not be used without specific physician orders because of an increased risk of necrosis and thrombophlebitis.
NEW QUESTION # 183
All of the following are prohibited under Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines for hand hygiene in healthcare settings EXCEPT:
- A. Nails longer than one-quarter inch
- B. Handwashing using plain soap and water
- C. Touching faucet handles after handwashing
- D. Artificial nails
Answer: B
Explanation:
In healthcare settings, routine handwashing using plain soap and water is required to prevent spread of infection; alcohol-based antiseptic hand cleaners may also be used. Artificial nails or nails longer than one-quarter inch are prohibited. After handwashing, a clean paper towel should be used to turn off the faucet to prevent contamination.
NEW QUESTION # 184
Which of the following actions may result in hemolysis of a specimen?
- A. Using a 22-gauge needle for collection
- B. Gently inverting the specimen
- C. Leaving the tourniquet in place for 45 seconds
- D. Collecting a specimen from a VAD
Answer: D
Explanation:
Collecting a specimen from a vascular access device (VAD) may result in hemolysis of a specimen. A specimen should also not be collected during an intravenous (livo line start. Additional precautions include ensuring that the needle is secure, avoiding forcibly pulling on a plunger to withdraw blood or forcefully transferring blood from a syringe into a tube, discontinuing a sluggish draw, avoiding the use of 25-gauge needles, limiting tourniquet use to 60 seconds, and avoiding shaking or vigorously mixing specimens.
NEW QUESTION # 185
The phlebotomist is NOT required to use an N95 (or equivalent) respirator when entering the room of a patient with which of the following communicable diseases, even when the phlebotomist is not immune to the disease?
- A. Chickenpox
- B. Influenza
- C. Measles
- D. COVID-19
Answer: B
Explanation:
An N95 or equivalent respirator must be worn by all healthcare personnel entering the room of a patient known or suspected to have a disease that is spread through airborne transmission if the healthcare worker is not immune to the disease. These diseases include chickenpox, measles, COVID-19, and tuberculosis. Many healthcare facilities require the use of N95 or equivalent respirators by all personnel who may be exposed to these diseases even if they are immune due to vaccination or previous infection. However, for diseases that are spread through droplet transmission, such as influenza and the common cold, a surgical mask provides adequate protection.
NEW QUESTION # 186
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